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Article 1.
Have you ever noticed a simple phenomenon in the kitchen? When mineral water is heated to make tea, it boils quickly. However, when mineral water is used to dissolve sugar, it takes longer to boil. In fact, when mineral water is used to make a salt solution, the boiling process takes the longest compared to the previous two solutions. This finding is in line with the observations reported by Anggraeni et al. (2024) as shown in the following table.
| No | Sample | Types of Solutions | Titik Didih (°C) | Selisih Terhadap Titik Didih Pelarut (°C) | Waktu Didih |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Aquades | Neutral | 78 | 0 | 17 minutes and 4 seconds |
| 2. | Sugar Solution (C6H12O6) | Non-electrolyte solution | 82 | 4 | 20 minutes and 17 seconds |
| 3. | Salt Solution (NaCl) | Electrolyte Solution | 84 | 6 | 31 minutes and 13 seconds |
The three solutions above will boil when the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the air pressure in the surrounding environment.
Scan here to see a comparison of solution vapor pressure (open and closed systems)
Scan here to see a comparison of vapor pressure in pure solvents, electrolyte solutions, and nonelectrolyte solutions!
Article 2.
As living organisms, plants have cell membranes that play a role in regulating the entry and exit of various substances to maintain a balanced pH level in the cell. The process of transporting molecules through the membrane occurs when the membrane allows the entry of substances needed by the cell and removes substances that are no longer needed in the right amounts. A researcher then conducted an experiment to observe the changes that occurred in potato and carrot cells as follows.
Table 1. Observations on potatoes
| Indicator | Glass | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A (water only) | B (water + salt) | ||
| Color | 0 minutes | Yellow | Yellow |
| 15 minutes | Slightly faded yellow | Pale yellow | |
| 30 minutes | Pale yellow | Pale yellow | |
| Texture | 0 minutes | Hard | Hard |
| 15 minutes | Hard | Start soft | |
| 30 minutes | Hard | Soft and difficult to break | |
Tabel 2. Pengamatan pada wortel
| Indicator | Glass | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A (water only) | B (water + salt) | ||
| Color | 0 minutes | Oranye | Oranye |
| 15 minutes | Oranye | Oranye sedikit memudar | |
| 30 minutes | Oranye | Oranye pucat | |
| Texture | 0 minutes | Hard | Hard |
| 15 minutes | Hard | Start soft | |
| 30 minutes | Hard | Lunak dan sulit dipatahkan | |
Sumber: Ulfa, dkk, 2020
These observations are one example of osmosis occurring in tubers.
Scan here to see the visualization of osmosis and osmotic pressure provided!
