Come on, prove your abilities!
In Malang Regency, specifically in Bekur Hamlet, there is limestone burning (CaCO₃).3) to produce quicklime (CaO) as an industrial raw material. Limestone is burned in a kiln for three days and two nights. The fuel used to burn the limestone is plastic waste. The plastic waste comes from the PT Ekamas Fortuna paper factory, which has been sorted from cardboard waste and then dried before being used as fuel for limestone. Residents prefer to use plastic waste as fuel rather than wood or coal because it is cheaper than firewood. One ton of plastic waste costs Rp 900,000, while one ton of wood costs Rp 1,100,000. It is estimated that burning limestone requires 2-3 tons of fuel.
Plastic waste has a stable flame and does not easily extinguish. The combustion of limestone with plastic waste fuel occurs at a temperature of 450-800, while that of wood fuel occurs at a temperature of 650-690. The combustion of limestone or CaO with a molar mass of 100.09 g/mol undergoes a calcination process with the following reaction equation:
The calcination process is applied to decompose calcium carbonate (limestone, CaCO3) into calcium oxide (quicklime, CaO) and carbon dioxide gas (CO2). The product of calcination is usually referred to as calcine, which is a mineral that has undergone a heating process. Both plastic and wood waste fuels produce carbon dioxide gas, which is toxic when inhaled by humans and can enter the bloodstream. The heat generated from burning plastic waste can accelerate the formation of quicklime, but the resulting impact is harmful to health and the environment if done continuously.
Exhaust gas flows at a height of 4-5 meters during the combustion process will escape from the open combustion chamber, causing the exhaust gas to become a pollutant. Dioxin compounds produced from the use of plastic waste as fuel can be harmful to health because they cannot be absorbed by the body and can trigger cancer and acute or even chronic lung disorders. In addition, research shows that fish downstream of the Brantas River are contaminated with microplastics smaller than 4.8 millimeters. Wood fuel also has a negative impact on the environment. Burning wood releases carbon dioxide emissions that can cause the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere because the gas cannot be absorbed by plants.
(mongabay.co.id, 2019; tugujatim.id, 2020; nihr.ub.ac.ic, 2023; news.unair.ac.id, 2020; perpustakaan.menlhk.go.id).
Discuss with group members to practice the following argumentation skills!
Question:
Apakah menurut Anda, pembakaran batu gamping menggunakan bahan bakar limbah plastik layak untuk terus dilakukan? Jelaskan jawaban Anda berdasarkan kerangka argumentasi Toulmin!
Pilihlah pernyataan dibawah ini untuk membantu anda dalam menyusun argumentasi!
a. Biaya sampah plastik Rp 900.000/ton lebih murah dibanding kayu Rp 1.100.000/ton, menghemat biaya produksi kapur tohor.
b. Pembakaran plastik menghasilkan dioksin berbahaya yang memicu kanker dan gangguan paru kronis pada pekerja.
c. Sampah plastik memiliki nyala api stabil dan tidak mudah padam, cocok untuk proses pembakaran industri.
d. Kontaminasi mikroplastik pada ekosistem perairan mencemari rantai makanan dan membahayakan manusia.
e. Gas buang dari tungku terbuka mencemari udara dalam radius 4-5 meter dan menyebabkan polusi atmosfer.
f. Rentang suhu pembakaran plastik (450-800°C) lebih panjang dibanding kayu (650-690°C), memudahkan pengaturan proses.
g. Penelitian menemukan ikan di Sungai Brantas terkontaminsai mikroplastik berukuran < 4,8 mm.
Instructions:
Pilihan jawaban yang tersedia dapat digunakan untuk menyusun argumen berdasarkan kerangka argumentasi Toulmin yang terdiri dari elemen-elemen berikut:
